The performances of traps used for pest monitoring are not well understood. Variable trap sizes and shapes make cross-comparisons difficult. We tested with four Scolytinae species (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) a set of traps of the same model (fan-traps) in four sizes (310, 536, 832.5, 1,200 cm2), and a larger trap with another design (a four-vane trap, 4,500 cm2). A significantly linear relationship was observed between trap sizes and catches for Pityogenes chalcographus, but theccatches of Ips typographus, Trypodendron lineatum and T. signatum tapered off.

The concept of value seems to have capital importance both in the scientific literature and in various heritage actors’ professional discourse. The actions undertaken to develop the built environment inherited from previous generations seem to depend on thevalue we assign it. In this essay, the concepts of value, assessor, and heritage assessment are discussed. Two historical contexts are compared: the classical axiology of the 19th century based on the Enlightenment search for rationality and the typologies of contemporary values struggling with complexity.

Background: Gardnerella is a key pathogen in bacterial vaginosis (BV), but the role of the different Gardnerella species remains unclear. We investigated the role of four Gardnerella species, as well as Fannyhessea vaginae, Lactobacillus crispatus and L. iners in BV.

The controlled mass transfer across compartmentalised environments in synthetic nanoreactors is essential for enhancing precise spatiotemporal manipulation of chemical transformations within confined spaces. In this study, we present a strategy that integrates a synthetic anion transporter in liposome-based nanoreactors, allowing for spatiotemporal control over the formation of metal–organic complexes in liposomes. This approach enables us to effectively modulate     the assembly of luminescent lanthanide-benzenedicarboxylate nanostructures.

Cuneiform tablets were a primary writing medium in the ancient Near East from the late fourth millennium BCE to the first century CE. Although these clay tablets were durable for daily use, prolonged burial over millennia has made them vulnerable to salt damage. Fluctuations in temperature and humidity cause the migration of salts to the surface of the tablets, damaging them and covering the inscriptions, making the text unreadable.

Background Reuse of plant growing substrate can contribute to lowering the carbon footprint of horticulture production systems. Here, we assessed the impact of substrate reusing on the root-associated microbiome of strawberries. The cultivars Elsanta and Malling Centenary were grown in a substrate-based hydroponic system using either fresh peat-based substrate or substrate reused up to three times, with comparisons made between not steamed and steam-treated substrate.

1. Agroforestry can help to conserve biodiversity and enhance multiple ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, microclimate regulation and nutrient cycling. However, in land planning and biodiversity certification schemes it remains difficult to quantify the effect of agroforestry on biodiversity across time and space.